Management
To prevent and minimize cases of malaria a number of management strategies have been implemented around the world. These methods target adult mosquitoes, larvae, Plasmodium in the blood and many other ways. Malaria parasites have to develop within the mosquito before they can be passed on to humans. This incubation period ranges from 10-21 days (CDC 2012). With this in mind, insecticides that target mosquito numbers and longevity have been developed. By reducing the longevity of mosquitoes, the bacteria never fully develops and therefore can’t be spread. These insecticides are sprayed directly onto areas conducive to mosquito breeding or resting, although there can be severe environmental damage. In some parts of the world though, mosquitoes have developed a resistance to certain insecticides which has serious implications for management (Enayati & Hemingway 2010). Direct methods such as draining or filling stagnant water that could be mosquitos to breed is also undertaken. Bed nets that have been treated with insecticide, seen in Figure 9, have also proved effective at reducing the transmission of malaria (Enayati & Hemingway 2010).